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NSZD Rate Measurement Variability: It Is All About the Signal
In LUSTLine Issue #95, we shared how reported rates of natural source-zone depletion (NSZD), measured using CO2 passive samplers, have been decreasing as different sources of error have been identified and measurement practices revised accordingly. This follow-up article explains two important sources of variability when measuring NSZD rates: i) signal shredding caused by soil transport…
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Resetting Expectations for the Rates of Natural Source Zone Depletion
Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD) is a term used for the mass loss of LNAPL contaminants in the subsurface due to a combination of processes. NSZD has become a buzzword associated with petroleum releases and is increasingly proposed as a final remedy for contaminated sites. Additionally, measured NSZD rates are used to shut down treatment…